Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is a condition in which there is an overgrowth of certain bacteria that normally live in the vagina. It's usually a mild problem that may go away on its own. But it can lead to more serious problems. So it's a good idea to see your doctor and get treatment.

In many cases, bacterial vaginosis doesn't cause any symptoms. And it doesn't typically cause itching. But it may cause:

• Abnormal vaginal discharge. It may look grayish white or yellow. This is the most common symptom.
• A "fishy" odor. It may be worse after vaginal intercourse and during your period.

Doctors diagnose bacterial vaginosis by asking about symptoms, doing a pelvic exam, and taking a sample of the vaginal discharge. The sample can be tested for bacterial vaginosis.

These lab tests may include:

Wet mount.

A sample of discharge is checked for bacteria, white blood cells, and unusual cells called clue cells. These clue cells are one sign of bacterial vaginosis.

Whiff test.

A special solution is added to a sample of discharge to see if it gives off a strong fishy odor. This odor usually means you have bacterial vaginosis.

Vaginal pH.

The pH of a sample of vaginal discharge is measured. Bacterial vaginosis often causes a pH that is higher than normal.

DNA test.

This test looks for the genetic material (DNA) of bacterial vaginosis bacteria.

The presence of clue cells, an increased vaginal pH, and a positive whiff test are enough evidence to treat for bacterial vaginosis.

Sometimes bacterial vaginosis goes away without treatment. But doctors usually prescribe an antibiotic medicine if you are having symptoms. Antibiotics kill the bacteria that cause symptoms. The medicine may be pills you swallow. Or it might be a cream or capsules that you put in your vagina. In many cases, symptoms come back after antibiotic treatment. If your symptoms come back, talk to your doctor.

Bacterial vaginosis makes the reproductive tract vulnerable to infection or inflammation. So if you are having symptoms of bacterial vaginosis, it is important to get tested and treated by your doctor.

• Take your antibiotics as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics.
• Do not eat or drink anything that contains alcohol if you are taking metronidazole or tinidazole.
• Keep using your medicine if you start your period. Use pads instead of tampons while using a vaginal cream or suppository. Tampons can absorb the medicine.
• Wear loose cotton clothing. Do not wear nylon and other materials that hold body heat and moisture close to the skin.
• Do not scratch. Relieve itching with a cold pack or a cool bath.
• Do not wash your vulva more than once a day. Use plain water or a mild, unscented soap. Do not douche.