Dry mouth

Dry mouth, or xerostomia (say “zee-ruh-STO-mee-uh”), occurs when your mouth doesn't make enough saliva. Saliva helps you chew, swallow, and digest your food. It also neutralizes the acids that form in your mouth. Over time, dry mouth can lead to dental problems.

Dry mouth may make it hard to chew, swallow, taste, or speak. It can also cause symptoms such as hoarseness, a sore throat, a rough tongue, cracked lips, or bad breath. Over time, dry mouth can lead to mouth infections, gum disease, and tooth decay.

Your doctor or dentist may diagnose dry mouth. You’ll be asked questions about your past health and about the medicines you take. You may have tests, such as blood tests or a test to check the amount of saliva you make.

If medicine is causing dry mouth, your doctor may change the type or dose of the medicine. You may also take medicine to help you make more saliva. Your dentist may apply fluoride to your teeth, and you may get mouthwash to fight bacteria. You may need more frequent dental checkups.

• Take frequent sips of liquid throughout the day. Water is best.
• Use ice chips, sugar-free candy, or gum to help keep your mouth moist.
• Avoid spicy or salty foods. They may cause pain in a dry mouth.
• Brush your teeth twice a day, morning and night. Floss once a day.
• Schedule checkups and cleanings as often as your dentist recommends it.
• Use an over-the-counter saliva substitute.
• Avoid caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol. They can also make your mouth dry.
• Be safe with medicines. If you're given medicine for dry mouth, take it exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine.