What is hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome?

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a lung infection caused by viruses found in the saliva, urine, and droppings of some rodents. The illness is rare but can be deadly.

Symptoms usually start 2 to 3 weeks after a person has been exposed to the virus. Early symptoms may include:

• A fever and chills.
• Muscle aches and headache.
• Fatigue.
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and belly pain.

You quickly will become very sick. Within a few days, you'll start to have more serious symptoms, such as:

• Shortness of breath.
• Coughing.
• A fast heartbeat and fast breathing. These are signs of fluid buildup in the lungs (pulmonary edema).

HCPS is a serious lung problem that can be deadly.

Your doctor will do a physical exam and ask you questions about your symptoms, past health, and exposure to rodents. You may have other tests, such as chest X-rays, a complete blood count, and an oxygen saturation test.

Your doctor will know for sure that you have HCPS only if you have the signs of HCPS and if tests show that the virus is or has been in your blood or tissues.

HCPS requires treatment in a hospital right away, even if the case is mild. You will get treatment to support you through the illness, such as intravenous (I.V.) fluids and medicines. You may need a ventilator to help you breathe.

People who survive the illness usually recover quickly.

This condition is treated in the hospital. While you're recovering, follow any instructions your doctor gives you. And go to any follow-up appointments.