What is heat-related illness?

Treating mild heat exhaustion

When recognized in the early stages, mild heat exhaustion can be treated at home.

• Stop your activity.
• Get out of direct sunlight. Lie down in a cooler environment, such as shade or an air-conditioned area. Prop up your feet. Take off all unneeded clothing.
• Cool down by applying cool compresses or having a fan blow on you. Place ice bags under your arms and in your groin area.
• Drink rehydration drinks, juices, or water to replace fluids.
• Rest until you feel better. This may take a few days.

Treating other heat-related problems

Heat syncope (fainting) usually doesn't last long. It improves when you lie down in a flat position. It's helpful to lie down in a cooler environment.

Heat edema (swelling) is treated with rest and by raising the level of your legs. If you are standing for a long time in a hot environment, flex your leg muscles often. This can keep blood from pooling in your lower legs, which can lead to heat edema and fainting.

Heat cramps are treated by getting out of the heat and replacing fluids and salt.

• If you aren't on a salt- (sodium-) restricted diet, eat a little more salt, such as a few nuts or pretzels. Do not use salt tablets. They are absorbed slowly and can irritate the stomach.
• Try massaging and stretching your cramped muscles.

Heat rash (prickly heat) usually gets better and goes away without treatment.

• Keep areas clean and dry to help prevent a skin infection.
• Don't use baby powder while you have a rash. The powder can build up in the skin creases and hold moisture. This allows the growth of bacteria that may cause infection.
• Dress in as few clothes as you can during hot weather.
• Keep your home, especially sleeping areas, cool.