Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever results from an infection caused by certain strains of streptococcal bacteria and may be triggered by a strep infection (most often strep throat) that has not been treated. Proper treatment of strep infection can prevent rheumatic fever.
Rheumatic fever affects the joints and heart, causing symptoms similar to arthritis as well as heart problems (rheumatic heart disease). Rheumatic fever may also affect the skin, brain, and other organs and tissues. Most of the damage caused by rheumatic fever is temporary. But if any heart damage occurs, it is usually permanent.
How can you care for your child who has rheumatic fever?
- Make sure your child gets enough rest.
- Have your child drink plenty of fluids. If your child has kidney, heart, or liver disease and has to limit fluids, talk with your doctor before you increase the amount of fluids your child drinks.
- Have your child take medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think your child is having a problem with a medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes.
- If the doctor prescribed antibiotics for your child, give them as directed. Do not stop using them just because your child feels better. Your child needs to take the full course of antibiotics.
- Your doctor may prescribe medicine to reduce swelling and inflammation. Your doctor may also recommend that your child take over-the-counter medicines. These include acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) for fever. Do not use ibuprofen if your child is less than 6 months old unless the doctor gave you instructions to use it. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label. Do not give aspirin to anyone younger than 20. It has been linked to Reye syndrome, a serious illness.
- After getting better, your child may need to take antibiotics before some procedures. These include dental work and surgery. Talk to your child's doctor before your child has any procedures or surgery.
Rheumatic fever in children: When to call
Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if:
- Your child has severe trouble breathing.
- Your child has a new sore throat.
- Your child has new or worse joint problems.
Watch closely for changes in your child's health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:
- Your child does not get better as expected.
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