Tardive dyskinesia

Movement disorders can sometimes be a side effect from taking medicines called antipsychotics. Doctors use these medicines to treat mental health problems such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Movement disorders are body movements that are hard to control. Some can happen soon after you start taking the medicines. These are called extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). They include muscle spasms and trouble sitting still.

If you take the medicines for a long time, you may get a movement disorder called tardive dyskinesia (TD). It makes you repeat the same movement over and over. This movement often happens around the mouth. But other parts of the body also can be affected. For some people, TD doesn't go away.

You may be able to take these medicines without getting a movement disorder. And side effects may go away if you stop taking the medicines. They can also go away if you switch to a new medicine.

When you have a movement disorder, you may:

• Move around a lot or not be able to sit still.
• Get severe muscle spasms in your face, neck, back, or other parts of your body.
• Have shaking or tremors in your hands, arms, or legs that is hard to stop.
• Walk slowly or drag your feet as you walk.

If you've been on your medicines for a long time, also watch for long-term side effects. These may include:

• Repeated chewing motions.
• Repeated movements of your fingers or hands.
• Smacking your lips.
• Thrusting your tongue out of your mouth.
• Twitching your tongue.
• Quick, jerking movements (tics) of your head.
• Rocking your body.
• Marching in place or tapping your feet.

Side effects may start while you take antipsychotic medicines. But they can also show up when you stop these medicines or start a smaller dose.

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and how long you've had them. The doctor will review your health and medication history and do a physical exam. Sometimes lab tests or imaging tests may be done.

Treatment depends on how much you need the medicine that causes the side effects. If side effects are causing big problems for you, your doctor may have you lower the dose or stop the medicine. Or your doctor may switch you to a different medicine. You may get other medicines to treat the movements.

• Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine.
• Don't stop taking your medicine unless you and your doctor have discussed how this change might affect you. If you have trouble taking your medicine or feel that you don't need to take it, talk to your doctor. Your doctor may be able to change the medicine or the amount you take.
• Try not to isolate yourself if you are self-conscious about the uncontrolled motion. Tell your family and friends about TD and how it affects you.
• If you haven't done so yet, talk to your doctor about treatment for your TD symptoms.
• Ask your doctor, counselor, or other health professional for help finding a support group. Look for one that works for you. It can help to talk to others who have dealt with the same problems as you.