Torn tendon

A torn tendon is an injury to one of the tough, ropy fibers that connect muscle to bone. A tendon may tear from a direct blow, a cut, or intense pressure on the tendon. The tendon may just partly tear. Or the tear may be complete. (This is called a rupture.) A tear can cause swelling, pain, and loss of strength and movement.

Common places for a tendon to tear include the heel (Achilles tendon) and shoulder (rotator cuff).

A torn tendon can cause swelling or a bump at the site of the tear. You may have pain and loss of strength and movement of the joint nearest the tear.

Your doctor will ask about your past health and daily activities and do a physical exam. The doctor will check areas of pain and tenderness and your range of motion and strength. Your doctor may also check your nerve function (feeling and reflexes) and blood circulation (pulses).

Other tests may be done to help make a diagnosis. These tests include:

• X-rays. They can show any bone-related problems or calcification in tendons or joints.
• An MRI. It can show small tears and areas of tendon, ligament, cartilage, and muscle injury.
• An ultrasound. This test can show thickening, swelling, or tears in soft tissues such as the bursae and tendons.

A torn tendon may heal with rest and use of a brace, a splint, a sling, or crutches. After the initial pain and swelling are reduced, your doctor may suggest physical therapy. It can help you get back full motion and strength in the injured area.

A steroid shot may be given. But this treatment usually isn't repeated. It can damage the tendon.

A complete tear (rupture) may need surgery and physical therapy.

Home care can help you manage your symptoms. For example, rest and avoid activities that cause pain. Use a cold pack and over-the-counter medicines, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, to reduce pain and swelling. Follow your doctor's instructions for wearing a brace, a sling, a splint, or crutches.