Varicocele

A varicocele (say "VAR-uh-koh-seel") is a large vein that forms in the scrotum. It may form because of increased pressure in the veins of the scrotum.

In some cases, it may feel something like a bag of worms. You may feel an ache in your scrotum. You may notice that your scrotum is larger or hangs lower than usual. Or you may see or feel enlarged veins in it. And because of a varicocele, you may have a smaller testicle.

A varicocele can be related to poor sperm quality. This may cause problems with fertility.

Your doctor may treat a varicocele if you have one or more of these problems:

• A testicle is not developing as it should during puberty.
• The varicocele is large.
• Your sperm count is too low.
• You have pain.

A varicocele may not cause any symptoms. But you may feel an ache in your scrotum. You may notice that your scrotum is larger or hangs lower. Or you may see or feel enlarged veins in it. A varicocele may lead to a smaller testicle or problems with fertility.

Your doctor may feel the varicocele when checking your scrotum. You may get an ultrasound of the scrotum to look at the size and shape of the testicles. This scan can also make sure that the larger scrotum is a varicocele and not something else. If you are infertile, your doctor may check to see if a varicocele could be the cause.

Most varicoceles don't need treatment. And most don't cause problems. But if your testicle is too small, the varicocele is large, or you have pain, your doctor may recommend a procedure or surgery to close or tie off the veins in the scrotum so pressure doesn't build up.

There are things you can do to manage varicocele pain. Wearing supportive underwear or other tight-fitting garments may help. When you have pain, avoid heavy lifting. Rest may help. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Advil, Motrin) may also help. Try ice or cold packs. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin.